jiateng_ws/utils/modbus_monitor.py

import time
import logging
from threading import Thread, Event
from PySide6.QtCore import QObject, Signal
from .modbus_utils import ModbusUtils

class RegisterValue:
    """寄存器值对象，用于存储寄存器的值和状态"""
    def __init__(self, address, value=None):
        self.address = address
        self.value = value
        self.last_value = None
        self.error_count = 0
        self.last_read_time = None
        self.last_change_time = None
    
    def update(self, new_value):
        """更新寄存器值，并返回值是否发生变化"""
        self.last_read_time = time.time()
        if self.value != new_value:
            self.last_value = self.value
            self.value = new_value
            self.last_change_time = self.last_read_time
            return True
        return False
    
    def record_error(self):
        """记录错误次数"""
        self.error_count += 1
        return self.error_count

    def reset_error(self):
        """重置错误计数"""
        self.error_count = 0


class RegisterHandler:
    """寄存器处理器基类"""
    def handle_change(self, value):
        """处理寄存器值变化的方法，由子类实现具体逻辑"""
        pass


class ModbusMonitor(QObject):
    """Modbus寄存器监控器"""
    # 定义信号：寄存器地址、新值
    register_changed = Signal(int, int)
    register_error = Signal(int, str)
    monitor_status_changed = Signal(bool, str)
    
    def __init__(self, polling_interval=1.0, max_errors=3, retry_interval=5.0):
        """
        初始化Modbus监控器
        
        Args:
            polling_interval: 轮询间隔（秒），默认1.0秒，比原来的1.0秒增加了一倍
            max_errors: 最大错误次数，超过此次数将暂停特定寄存器的监控
            retry_interval: 重试间隔（秒）
        """
        super().__init__()
        self.polling_interval = polling_interval
        self.max_errors = max_errors
        self.retry_interval = retry_interval
        
        # 初始化存储
        self.registers = {}  # 存储寄存器值的字典
        self.handlers = {}   # 存储寄存器处理器的字典
        self.stop_event = Event()  # 用于停止监控线程的事件
        self.monitor_thread = None
        self.modbus = ModbusUtils()
        self.client = None
        self.running = False
        
        # 初始化要监控的寄存器列表
        self._initialize_registers()
    
    def _initialize_registers(self):
        """初始化要监控的寄存器列表"""
        # 默认监控的寄存器地址
        register_addresses = [0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 30]
        for address in register_addresses:
            self.registers[address] = RegisterValue(address)
    
    def register_handler(self, address, handler):
        """注册寄存器处理器
        
        Args:
            address: 寄存器地址
            handler: RegisterHandler的实例
        """
        if address not in self.registers:
            self.registers[address] = RegisterValue(address)
        
        if address not in self.handlers:
            self.handlers[address] = []
            
        self.handlers[address].append(handler)
        logging.info(f"已注册寄存器D{address}的处理器: {handler.__class__.__name__}")
    
    def start(self):
        """启动监控线程"""
        if self.monitor_thread and self.monitor_thread.is_alive():
            logging.warning("监控器已经在运行中")
            return
            
        self.stop_event.clear()
        self.monitor_thread = Thread(target=self._monitor_loop, daemon=True)
        self.monitor_thread.start()
        self.running = True
        self.monitor_status_changed.emit(True, "监控器已启动")
        logging.info("Modbus监控器已启动")
    
    def stop(self):
        """停止监控线程"""
        if not self.monitor_thread or not self.monitor_thread.is_alive():
            return
            
        self.stop_event.set()
        if self.monitor_thread:
            self.monitor_thread.join(timeout=5.0)  # 给线程5秒时间完成
        
        if self.client:
            self.modbus.close_client(self.client)
            self.client = None
            
        self.running = False
        self.monitor_status_changed.emit(False, "监控器已停止")
        logging.info("Modbus监控器已停止")
    
    def _monitor_loop(self):
        """监控循环，在独立线程中运行"""
        try:
            while not self.stop_event.is_set():
                # 检查连接并根据需要重新连接
                if not self.client:
                    self._reconnect()
                
                if self.client:
                    # 读取并处理所有注册的寄存器
                    self._read_registers()
                
                # 等待下一次轮询，或者直到收到停止信号
                self.stop_event.wait(self.polling_interval)
        except Exception as e:
            logging.error(f"监控线程发生异常: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
            self.monitor_status_changed.emit(False, f"监控器异常: {str(e)}")
        finally:
            if self.client:
                self.modbus.close_client(self.client)
                self.client = None
    
    def _reconnect(self):
        """重新连接到Modbus服务器"""
        try:
            if self.client:
                self.modbus.close_client(self.client)
            
            self.client = self.modbus.get_client()
            if self.client:
                logging.info("Modbus监控器成功连接到服务器")
                self.monitor_status_changed.emit(True, "已连接到Modbus服务器")
                # 重置所有寄存器的错误计数
                for reg in self.registers.values():
                    reg.reset_error()
            else:
                logging.warning("Modbus监控器无法连接到服务器")
                self.monitor_status_changed.emit(False, "无法连接到Modbus服务器")
                # 等待重试间隔
                self.stop_event.wait(self.retry_interval)
        except Exception as e:
            logging.error(f"重新连接Modbus服务器时发生错误: {str(e)}")
            self.monitor_status_changed.emit(False, f"连接错误: {str(e)}")
            # 等待重试间隔
            self.stop_event.wait(self.retry_interval)
    
    def _read_registers(self):
        """读取所有注册的寄存器"""
        # 批量处理寄存器，减少连接次数
        grouped_registers = self._group_registers()
        
        for group, addresses in grouped_registers.items():
            if self.stop_event.is_set():
                break
                
            # 检查组内是否有需要读取的寄存器
            has_valid_registers = False
            for address in addresses:
                reg_value = self.registers[address]
                # 如果错误次数超过阈值且未到重试时间，则跳过
                if reg_value.error_count >= self.max_errors:
                    current_time = time.time()
                    last_read = reg_value.last_read_time or 0
                    if current_time - last_read < self.retry_interval:
                        continue
                has_valid_registers = True
                break
                
            if not has_valid_registers:
                continue
                
            try:
                # 为每组创建一个重试计数
                retry_count = 0
                max_retries = 2
                delay = 0.5
                
                while retry_count <= max_retries:
                    try:
                        # 批量读取该组寄存器
                        for address in addresses:
                            reg_value = self.registers[address]
                            
                            # 如果错误次数超过阈值且未到重试时间，则跳过
                            if reg_value.error_count >= self.max_errors:
                                current_time = time.time()
                                last_read = reg_value.last_read_time or 0
                                if current_time - last_read < self.retry_interval:
                                    continue
                            
                            try:
                                # 读取寄存器值
                                result = self.modbus.read_holding_register(self.client, address)
                                if result is None or len(result) == 0:
                                    error_count = reg_value.record_error()
                                    error_msg = f"读取寄存器D{address}失败，这是第{error_count}次失败"
                                    logging.warning(error_msg)
                                    self.register_error.emit(address, error_msg)
                                    
                                    # 如果连续失败次数达到阈值，尝试重连
                                    if error_count >= self.max_errors:
                                        logging.error(f"寄存器D{address}连续{error_count}次读取失败，将在{self.retry_interval}秒后重试")
                                    continue
                                
                                # 成功读取，重置错误计数
                                reg_value.reset_error()
                                
                                # 更新值并检查是否发生变化
                                if reg_value.update(result[0]):
                                    logging.info(f"寄存器D{address}值变化: {reg_value.last_value} -> {reg_value.value}")
                                    # 发出信号
                                    self.register_changed.emit(address, reg_value.value)
                                    # 调用注册的处理器
                                    self._notify_handlers(address, reg_value.value)
                            except Exception as e:
                                error_count = reg_value.record_error()
                                error_msg = f"读取寄存器D{address}时发生异常: {str(e)}"
                                logging.error(error_msg)
                                self.register_error.emit(address, error_msg)
                                
                                if error_count >= self.max_errors:
                                    logging.error(f"寄存器D{address}连续{error_count}次读取异常，将在{self.retry_interval}秒后重试")
                                    
                                # 如果是连接错误，尝试重新连接并退出循环
                                if "Connection" in str(e):
                                    retry_count += 1
                                    if retry_count <= max_retries:
                                        # 释放连接，重新获取
                                        if self.client:
                                            self.modbus.close_client(self.client)
                                            self.client = None
                                        
                                        delay_time = delay * (2 ** (retry_count - 1))
                                        logging.warning(f"连接错误，等待 {delay_time:.1f} 秒后重试 ({retry_count}/{max_retries})...")
                                        time.sleep(delay_time)
                                        # 重新连接
                                        self._reconnect()
                                    break
                        
                        # 如果已成功读取所有寄存器，跳出重试循环
                        break
                    except Exception as e:
                        retry_count += 1
                        if retry_count <= max_retries:
                            delay_time = delay * (2 ** (retry_count - 1))
                            logging.warning(f"批量读取寄存器时发生错误，等待 {delay_time:.1f} 秒后重试 ({retry_count}/{max_retries}): {str(e)}")
                            time.sleep(delay_time)
                            # 尝试重新连接
                            if self.client:
                                self.modbus.close_client(self.client)
                                self.client = None
                            self._reconnect()
                        else:
                            logging.error(f"批量读取寄存器失败，已达到最大重试次数: {str(e)}")
                            break
            except Exception as e:
                logging.error(f"处理寄存器组时发生异常: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
    
    def _group_registers(self):
        """将寄存器分组，以便批量处理
        
        Returns:
            dict: 分组后的寄存器，格式为 {group_id: [address1, address2, ...]}
        """
        # 简单分组：每5个寄存器为一组
        group_size = 5
        grouped = {}
        
        addresses = list(self.registers.keys())
        for i in range(0, len(addresses), group_size):
            group_id = i // group_size
            grouped[group_id] = addresses[i:i+group_size]
            
        return grouped
    
    def _notify_handlers(self, address, value):
        """通知所有注册的处理器"""
        if address in self.handlers:
            for handler in self.handlers[address]:
                try:
                    handler.handle_change(value)
                except Exception as e:
                    logging.error(f"调用寄存器D{address}的处理器时发生异常: {str(e)}", exc_info=True)
    
    def get_register_value(self, address):
        """获取寄存器的当前值
        
        Args:
            address: 寄存器地址
            
        Returns:
            当前值，如果未读取过则返回None
        """
        if address in self.registers:
            return self.registers[address].value
        return None
    
    def is_running(self):
        """返回监控器是否正在运行"""
        return self.running and self.monitor_thread and self.monitor_thread.is_alive()


# 单例模式
_instance = None

def get_instance():
    """获取ModbusMonitor单例"""
    global _instance
    if _instance is None:
        _instance = ModbusMonitor()
    return _instance